ArcelorMittal is one of the world’s largest steel companies. Registered in the European tax haven of Luxembourg and headed by one of the world’s richest individuals, the company has operations in more than 60 countries. ArcelorMittal’s Vanderbijlpark steel plant near Johannesburg, South Africa, is the largest inland steel mill in sub- Saharan Africa and returned an operating profit in excess of 12 billion South African rand in 2008 despite the global economic downturn.But as groundWork reports in this case study, the activities of this European steel conglomerate have also been the centre of serious claims of environmental pollution, displacement and degradation of labour rights.